Amer Fort (Amber Palace) – Jaipur, Rajasthan
The Amer Fort or Amber Fort, popularly known as the Amber Palace, is a majestic hilltop fort located in Amber, 11 kilometers from Jaipur, Rajasthan. Originally the capital of the Kachwaha dynasty before Jaipur was established, Amer Fort is an architectural marvel that seamlessly blends Hindu and Mughal styles. Built in 1592 by Raja Man Singh and later expanded by Raja Jai Singh I, the fort is constructed using red sandstone and white marble, overlooking the serene Maota Lake, which adds to its scenic charm.
The fort’s interiors are breathtaking, featuring ornate halls, mirror-studded palaces, intricate frescoes, and pavilions, which reflect the grandeur of Rajput royalty. Visitors often admire the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience), the Sheesh Mahal (Mirror Palace), the Sukh Mahal (Hall of Pleasure), Ganesh Pol, and the Shila Devi Temple. A highlight is the Magic Flower fresco, carved meticulously in marble.
History of Amer Fort
Amer, historically called Dhundar, was the original capital of the Kachwaha rulers from the 11th to the 16th century. The fort we see today was initiated by Raja Man Singh in 1592, a trusted general of Mughal Emperor Akbar, and later renovated by Raja Jai Singh I.
Over the centuries, Amer Fort has survived wars, natural decay, and invasions, including attacks by rival Rajput clans and Mughals. Its resilience and preservation make it one of Rajasthan’s most iconic forts, representing centuries of Rajput history and architectural excellence.
Architectural Layout
The fort is organized into four main sections, each accessed via separate entrances:
- Suraj Pol (Sun Gate)
The primary entrance to the fort, east-facing, named for its alignment with the rising sun. It opens into the main courtyard and sets the tone for the grandeur inside. - Jaleb Chowk (First Courtyard)
A large courtyard where visitors are greeted by the Shila Devi Temple. Historically, this was the area where armies and visitors assembled. - Second Courtyard
Known for the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience), Sheesh Mahal (Mirror Palace), and Sukh Mahal (Hall of Pleasure). The Magic Flower, a delicate marble fresco, is one of the fort’s most celebrated artworks. -
Private Palaces and Halls
Accessed via Ganesh Pol, these include royal chambers, halls, and pavilions showcasing frescoes, carvings, and intricate jali work (stone lattices). These spaces were reserved for the royal family and guests of high importance.
The fort is built on a hilltop with tiered courtyards, terraces, and gardens, offering panoramic views of Jaipur city and Maota Lake. It combines Rajput defensive architecture with Mughal elegance, reflecting the political and cultural synthesis of the era.
Key Attractions Inside Amer Fort
- Sheesh Mahal (Mirror Palace): Walls and ceilings adorned with intricate mirrors that reflect light in mesmerizing patterns.
- Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience): Where the king addressed public matters and heard grievances.
- Sukh Mahal (Hall of Pleasure): Private royal quarters with lush decorations.
- Ganesh Pol: Ornate gateway leading to the private palace sections.
- Shila Devi Temple: A revered temple dedicated to Goddess Shila Devi, located at the entrance of the palace grounds.
- Magic Flower Fresco: A famous marble carving admired for its beauty and craftsmanship.
- Maota Lake: A picturesque lake at the base, reflecting the fort’s grandeur, enhancing its beauty especially during sunrise and sunset.
Nearby Tourist Attractions
- Jaigarh Fort: A hilltop fort famous for its cannons and military architecture, located near Amer Fort.
- Aravalli Hills: Ideal for trekking and nature photography.
- Vijay Garh: Another historic fort nearby, perfect for heritage exploration.
- Jaipur City: The Pink City itself offers Hawa Mahal, City Palace, and local markets.
Visiting Amer Fort
Best Time to Visit: October to March (cooler months).
Access: The fort is a 10-minute uphill walk; alternatively, enjoy an elephant ride to reach the entrance.
Tour Options: Private guides, group tours, or Golden Triangle packages covering Jaipur, Agra, and Delhi.
Tips: Explore the fort courtyard by courtyard, take panoramic photos from terraces, and don’t miss the light and sound show in the evenings.
Amer Fort Architecture Summary
- Construction Material: Red sandstone and white marble.
- Architectural Style: Blend of Rajput and Mughal architecture.
- Layout: Four courtyards, tiered terraces, water channels, and gardens.
- Decorative Features: Frescoes, jali screens, mirror work, ornate gates, and marble carvings.
- Special Features: Magic Flower fresco, Sheesh Mahal, Sukh Mahal, Ganesh Pol, Shila Devi Temple.
